Adolph i



A. L. NELSON. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 14,1919.

m u z s W i 1 2 L u m. M M w I A b m H a I P I Patented SeptlZ, 1922.

AnoLrII n-NELsoN, or INDIANAPOLIS, NDIANA.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENQINE. I

Application filed February 14, 1919. Serial No. 276,985.

I '0 all whom it may concern Be it known that I, ADOLPH L. NELSON, a citizen ofthe United States, residin at Indianapolis, Marion County, and tate of Indiana, have invented and discovered -certain new and useful Improvements in Internal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is a specification.

The cooling of internal combustion engines during operation has been the sub- 'jcct of much though and study among auto- I mobile engineers, and the problem, so far as known up to this time, has not been satisfactorily solved. There are many disadvantages and troubles resulting from the use of a water jacket, or water-cooled engines, and the same thing is true of air-cooled engines. In water-cooled engines, particularly in cold Weather, the water in the water jacket surrounding the cylinder becomes so cold that the starting, or

pick up, of the engine is seriously retarded because of the low temperature of the cylinder interfering with the proper carburetion and combustion of the fuel mixture. The

vfuel vapor coming into the cylinder when it is at a low temperature, as when surrounded by water in cold weather, has a tendency o condense with the result that the troubles above mentioned are experienced not only until the engine has been running for a sufficient period of time to heat the water but even afterward thisv tendency to condense is much greater than in air-cooled engines. In the operation of air-cooled engines the trouble beforementioned is not experienced, but instead the valves and valve stems 'become heated to such a degree as to at times fuse and bend, and get out of shape, and seriously interfere with the operation of the engine and sometimes even prevent any successful operation thereof. These respective troubles and advantages of the respective types of engines are well known and have long been recognized.

The object of m said invention is to overcome said diflicultles and provide an engine wherein the valve-head. will be properly cooled and the cylinder relieved of the disadvantages resulting from the use of a water jacket and I accomplish this object by combining a water-cooled valve-head with an air-cooled cylinder, as will be hereinafter similar reference characters indicate similar parts,

The figure is a central vertical section through an internal combustion engine constructed in accordance with my said invention, most of its separate parts, however, being of ordinary form.

It will be understood,-of couise, that the details of construction may be varied to suit the purposes for which theengine is designed, or to conform with the general design of any particular type preferred in any class of work.

In thedrawing the cylinder 10 is of the air-cooled type provided with fins on its periphery, which may run in a circumferential direction, as shown, or in a horizontal direction, if preferred. These fins have in this engine, as in other air-cooled engines, the common function of increasing the radiation.

Within the cylinder is mounted the piston 11 connected with the crank shaft 12, and

all mounted in a suitable casing and connected with the other parts usual in an engine of this type in any preferred or suitable manner.

The valve-head 15 is mounted upon the cylinder 10 and is constructed with a water jacket 16 through which water circulates inthe well known manner. There is a central bearing 17 for valve stem 18 and the valve 19 seats on ,a valve seat above -the center of the cylinder and controls the communication of the intake manifold with said cylinder in the usual manner.

.It is not deemed necessa to elaborate more in detail the constructlon of the engine as it is not intended to limit this'invention to any particular type.

By the construction above described an engine is provided wherein the valve-head is kept cool by the eflicient water-coollng system and'the valve mechanism maintained in perfect operative condition, while the cylinder heats up quickly, aiding materially in the perfect carburetion and combustion of the fuel, and not only the starting, but the operation of the engine is thus materially facilitated.-

Having thus fully described my said invention, what I clalm as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1.- 'An internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder of the aircooled type. throughout its entire length, a cylinder head mounted on the upper end of the cylinder having face contact only therewith, said cylinder head having a vertical-bearing tor the valve stem and a water jacket in the cylinder head for cooling the head'and the parts carried thereby, substantially as set forth.

2. An internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder of the air-cooled ty e having spaced heat-radiating fins along its entire length, a cylinder head attachedto the cylinder and having face contact only therewith, a-valve and valve stem extending centrally of said cylinder head and a Water jacket in said cy inder head surrounding said valve-stem, substantially as set, forth.

3. An internal combustion engine com 7 prising an open-ended cylinder of the airaaaeaae a Water jacket in said cylinder head surrounding said valve-stem, forth. 7

In Witness whereof, l have hereunto set substantially as set my hand and seal at lndianapolis, Indiana,

this 27th day-of January, A. D. nineteen hundred and nineteen.

Q ADOLPH ii. NELSON. [1 a] Witnesses: I

E. W. lBnAnronn, M. L. SHULER. 

